Which of the following could be considered the best evidence to support Karl Wittfogel's hydraulic hypothesis?
a. Many early state-level societies are found near lakes, rivers, and oceans.
b. Violence and warfare accelerated prior to early state formation.
c. Early states relied almost exclusively on agriculture.
d. Some state-level societies formed in river valleys.
a
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Our earliest hominid ancestors appeared 5-4 million years ago in Africa, and the first groups of farmers were found in western Asia around 11,000 years ago.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
Recent cross-cultural studies of gender roles demonstrate that
A. foraging, horticultural, pastoral, and industrial societies all have similar attitudes toward sex but different attitudes toward gender. B. the gender roles of men and women are largely determined by their biological capabilities-relative strength, endurance, intelligence, and so on. C. changes in the gender roles of men and women are usually associated with social decay and anarchy. D. women are subservient in nearly all societies, because their subsistence activities contribute much less to the total diet than do those of men. E. the relative status of women is variable, depending on such factors as the type of subsistence strategy employed, the importance of warfare, and the prevalence of a domestic-public dichotomy.
Except for some early Homo individuals, there is very little in the way of an evolutionary trend in increased body size or of marked greater encephalization
a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Hypoxia:
a. ?is a problem for people living at sea level during certain seasonal periods. b. ?is a form of racial-based eugenics. c. ?occurs at higher altitudes because the atmosphere contains less oxygen than at sea level. d. ?is more common among light-skinned people than dark-skinned people. e. ?is the reduced availability of oxygen.