Identify which substances would indicate a problem with renal function. (Select all that apply)
a. protein.
b. sodium.
c. creatinine.
d. red blood cells.
e. uric acid.
A, D, E
The glomerular capillary membrane is approximately 100 times more permeable than other capillaries. It acts as a high-efficiency sieve and normally allows only substances with a certain molecular weight to cross. Normal glomerular filtrate is basically protein free and contains electrolytes, including sodium, chloride, and phosphate, and nitrogenous waste products, such as creatinine, urea, and uric acid, in amounts similar to those in plasma. Red blood cells, albumin, and globulin are too large to pass through the healthy glomerular membrane.
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Interpret the meaning of the statement, "We need to measure the marginal revenue product of nursing care."
1. The profession of nursing must set the amount of revenue each nurse can produce. 2. The profession of nursing needs to establish the clinical and economic contributions of nurses to patient care. 3. The profession of nursing should identify how much output nursing can influence. 4. The profession of nursing should research the future demand for nurses.
A client is receiving interleukin-2 (IL-2) as part of the therapeutic plan to manage malignant melanoma. The nurse should emphasize the ability of this agent to
a. increase oxygenation to cells that are not malignant. b. physically dissolve the tumor mass. c. replace damaged and diseased cells from bone marrow. d. strengthen the client's immune response.
The nurse is suctioning an intubated, mechanically ventilated patient. Complications that should be observed for include:
1. Dysrhythmias 2. Hyperthermia 3. Hematuria 4. Decreased urinary output
The nurse proposes that a suicidal client enter into a no-suicide contract. Such a contract would contain a provision that the client promises
A. never to attempt suicide. B. to alert someone if he or she has made an attempt. C. to not consider suicide for 72 hours. D. not to attempt suicide in the next 24 hours.