The nurse is with a patient who has just been informed of his terminal illness. His heart rate increases, his eyes dilate, and his blood pressure increases. The nurse recognizes this response as a:
A) Part of the limbic system response
B) Sympathetic nervous response
C) Hypothalamic-pituitary response
D) Local adaptation syndrome
Ans: B
Feedback: The sympathetic nervous system responds rapidly to stress; norepinephrine is released at nerve endings, causing the organs to respond (ie, heart rate increases, eyes dilate, and blood pressure increases). Option A is incorrect; the limbic system is a mediator of emotions and behavior that are critical to survival during times of stress. Option C is incorrect; hypothalamic-pituitary response regulates the cortisol-induced metabolic effect that results in elevated blood sugars during stressful situations. Option D is incorrect; local adaptation syndrome is a tissue-specific inflammatory reaction.
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