Active transport makes it possible for cells to:

a. take up nutrients from the environment against concentrations gradients.
b. transport out secretory products and waste material against concentration gradients.
c. maintain nonequilibrium intracellular concentrations of ions such as Na+, K+, Ca2+, and H+.
d. establish an electrical potential across the membrane.
e. All of the above are correct.


e. All of the above are correct.

Biology & Microbiology

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