Which of the following methods can be used to create competent bacterial cells?
A) Treating the cells chemically
B) Exposing cells to a strong electric field
C) Making the cell membrane more permeable to DNA
D) Allowing the culture to enter stationary phase growth
E) A, B, and C only
E
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Microbial ________ studies the diversity of microorganisms and links their phylogeny with ________
A) taxonomy / genotype B) phylogeny / phenotype C) taxonomy / phenotype D) systematics / taxonomy
Differences between mitochondrial and E. coli electron transport chains include the following:
A. The E. coli chain contains a different array of cytochromes. B. Higher P/O values are observed in E. coli. C. The electron transport chain does not involve membranes in E. coli. D. The fundamental principles on which they operate are different.
Which statement best describes a bursa?
(A) It is composed of hyaline cartilage that provides a smooth surface on which bones articulate. (B) It is a synovial fluid-filled structure lined with synovial membrane on its inner surface. (C) It connects two bones to strengthen and reinforce the articulating bones. (D) it is a structural component of skeletal muscle composed of dense regular collagenous connective tissue
Which of the following is not necessary to satisfy Koch's postulates?
A) The organism must cause disease through toxin production. B) The organism must be grown in pure culture outside the diseased host. C) The organism must be re-isolated from the experimentally infected diseased animal and shown to be identical to the original isolate. D) The organism must be present in every case of the disease. E) The organism must cause the disease when introduced from pure culture into a healthy host.