All of the following are mediating factor allowed by the federal sentencing guidelines EXCEPT for _____.

A. ties to the community
B. offense type
C. presence of aggravating and mitigating circumstances
D. criminal history


A. ties to the community

Criminal Justice

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Explain the foundational theory for the battered women's syndrome

What will be an ideal response?

Criminal Justice

What is quite distinctive about fraud in art and antiquities?

a. Forgeries and other fraudulent claims are easily documented b. Initiatives by dealers and individuals in the market have caused a decline in such fraud c. It disproportionately involves wealthy and sophisticated elites as victims and perpetrators d. It has been excessively studied by criminologists

Criminal Justice

Which of the following explains why impeaching one’s own witness was prohibited under common law?

a. In theory, the person who called the witness to testify was vouching for the witness’s credibility and character. b. Impeachment of one’s own witness was prejudicial to the defendant. c. It was considered foul play to call a witness and then attack his or her credibility. d. Both a and c are correct.

Criminal Justice

________________ is a form of treatment that attempts to create an institutional environment that supports prosocial attitudes and behaviors.

A. Social therapy B. Transactional analysis C. Behavior therapy D. Cognitive skill building

Criminal Justice