Which of the following is NOT a problem associated with lineups?
a. The description provided may not actually be an accurate description of the perpetrator.
b. The perpetrator may have a unique feature not mentioned by the witness.
c. If the witness describes the perpetrator as having a unique characteristic, a lineup might not even be necessary.
d. Witnesses always describe perpetrators very accurately.
d. Witnesses always describe perpetrators very accurately.
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The basic common law method of avoiding mistaken eyewitness identification is
A. Cross-examination B. Showup C. Sequential lineup D. Simultaneous lineup
Biological explanations of crime reemerged in the early _______ with the publication of Sociobiology by Edmond O. Wilson
a. 1950s b. 1970s c. 1980s d. 1990s
Student loan companies have been found to push higher interest private loans and to employ unfair bait and switch tactics
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Officers must have a particularized and objective basis for suspecting the person stopped of criminal activity to demonstrate reasonable suspicion for an investigatory stop under the
a. totality of the circumstances test b. articulable probable cause test c. presumptively reasonable standard d. objectively reasonable standard.