The ________ plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens is often used as a vector for cloning and introducing foreign genes into plants.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Ti
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In order for a cell to crawl, it must produce a protrusion at the front of the cell (leading edge). One type of protrusion is a thin sheet called a(n) ________; another is a pointed structure called a(n) ________.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Which statement is not part of the first law of thermodynamics?
A. Any energy transformation loses some energy to its surroundings as heat. B. The amount of energy in the universe is constant. C. Energy cannot be created or destroyed. D. Energy can be converted to other forms of energy. E. None of the answer choices is correct.
According to pressure-flow theory, how does sap move from the sieve tube into a sink?
A. a positive pump pressure B. osmosis of the dissolved sugars across the sieve tube and the sink plasma membranes C. a negative pump pressure D. gravitational action as phloem moves down from the source E. active membrane transport through the plasma membranes
Use the Fitch algorithm to determine the minimum number of evolutionary changes required to explain the character states (red, yellow, or blue) of the seven species depicted on the tree in the figure above
Recall the rules for assigning character states as you work your way down the tree. 1. If each of the two daughters of a node shares one or more possible states for a trait, assign those shared traits to the node in question. 2. If the two daughters share no possible states in common, assign all possible states for both daughters to the node. (Note to instructor: The difficulty of this question can be adjusted by including the two rules above, or not.) What will be an ideal response?