Unlike drive-reduction approaches to motivation, arousal approaches to motivation
A. fail to explain why certain patterns of behavior, and not others, have evolved in a given species.
B. reject the notion that humans are driven to reduce high stimulation and activity levels.
C. highlight the significance of inborn patterns of behavior that are biologically determined rather than learned.
D. suggest that people act to increase the levels of stimulation and activity when these levels are too low.
Answer: D
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Nonlearned reinforcers that usually satisfy physiological needs are known as
a. natural feedback. b. token reinforcers. c. primary reinforcers. d. secondary reinforcers.
Research indicates that students taught using which type of teaching style tend to do slightly better on achievement tests than those taught by other teaching styles?
a. problem-based learning b. open classroom c. discovery learning d. direct instruction
_____cultures place strong prohibitions on adolescent sexual activity before marriage:
A. Restrictive B. Oppressive C. Semirestrictive D. Permissive
Sarah decides that after four years of a non-reciprocal friendship with Shannon she does not want to continue her friendship with Shannon because Shannon does not contribute to the relationship and only takes from it. Sarah's decision may be based on
a. social exchange theory b. friendship theory c. interest theory d. altruism theory