What are the major antigenic barriers for tissue transplantation from one individual to another?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: In different individuals, MHC proteins are not structurally identical. Different individuals have polymorphisms (subtle differences in amino acid sequences of homologous MHC proteins). Tissue transplants not matched for MHC identity are recognized by TH1 cells as nonself triggering macrophage activation and transplant destruction.
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If a toxin, such as a bacterial toxin, destroys ribosomes, what cellular activity will be affected first?
a. protein synthesis b. DNA synthesis c. movement d. energy storage e. active transport
The term clade most closely refers to:
a. a class. b. the binomial system of classification. c. a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer. d. a subspecies of organisms does not include a subgenus. e. a group of organisms that share common characteristics inherited from a common ancestor.
Which was NOT discussed as a way to control HIV's threat to humans?
A. By utilizing theory about evolutionary trade-offs B. By learning more about how similar viruses affect dogs C. By learning more about a rare mutant human allele D. By administering multiple drugs at once to an infected person
Which of the following is represented by the membrane indicated in the figure?
a. outer mitochondrial membrane
b. plasma membrane
c. nuclear membrane
d. inner mitochondrial membrane