The nurse is concerned that a patient is experiencing sympathetic nervous system effects after a head injury. What did the nurse assess to make this clinical decision?
Select all that apply.
1. damp skin
2. cold extremities
3. heart rate 68 bpm
4. deep, rapid respirations
5. elevated blood pressure
Correct Answer: 1, 2, 4, 5
Stimulation of the sympathetic division exerts effects on target organs or tissues including diaphoresis, leading to damp skin; vasoconstriction of skin blood vessels, leading to cold skin; dilation of the bronchioles, leading to deep rapid respirations; and vasoconstriction of arteries, leading to an elevated blood pressure. A heart rate of 68 would be an effect of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.
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