Nursing practice is guided by Carper's four fundamental patterns of knowing. Which of the four patterns of knowing support the nurse's use of the evidence-based practice process?

a. Ethics
b. Personal knowing
c. Empirical knowing
d. Aesthetic knowing


C
Carperidentifies four fundamental patterns of knowing to provide excellent patient care. These four ways of knowing are (1) empirical knowing, (2) ethics, (3) personal knowing, and (4) aes-thetic knowing. Empirical knowing is ideal for use in the evidence-based practice process in that it focuses on "methods" of critically appraising and applying available data and research to un-derstand and inform clinical decision making.

Nursing

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