A patient is prescribed diagnostic tests to determine renal functioning. What test should the nurse review to determine the patient's glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?
1. creatinine clearance
2. blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
3. intravenous pyelogram (IVP)
4. renal ultrasound
Correct Answer: 1
Creatinine clearance measures the ability of the kidney to clear a given amount of creatinine out of the plasma within a given time period. Creatinine is a substance produced from the breakdown of muscle and is cleared by the kidney at a constant rate. This test is used to determine the glomerular filtration rate or the ability of the kidney to clear substances out of the plasma. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) measures the amount of urea in the plasma, and although it is reflective of kidney function, it can be affected by both protein intake and fluid balance. Intravenous pyelogram (IVP) identifies the structures of the urinary system, not the function. Renal ultrasound identifies renal or perirenal masses or obstructions.
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