When you solve a crossword puzzle using certain mental shortcuts, you are using cognitive strategies psychologists call:
a) algorithms.
b) heuristics.
c) divergent thinking.
d) inductive reasoning.
ANS: B, Heuristics are rules of thumb or problem-solving shortcuts that are usually effective.
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Results of a longitudinal study suggest that __________ appears to be the peak time for interaction with peers online among adolescents.
A. early adolescence B. mid-adolescence C. late adolescence D. emerging adulthood
Justin became fearful of doctors and nurses because doctors and nurses were paired with painful shots. Justin's doctor has his office in a round brick building. Now any round brick building will elicit fear and crying from Justin. Becoming fearful of round buildings because they were associated with his doctor is an example of
a. shaping. b. extinction. c. vicarious conditioning. d. higher order conditioning.
Erikson's psychological conflict of midlife is called __________ versus __________
A) initiative; guilt B) identity; role confusion C) intimacy; isolation D) generativity; stagnation
One recent study which involved the review of recorded interrogations of juvenile suspects found that _______ of the juveniles waived their Miranda rights.
A. 15% B. 85% C. none D. 50%