While performing an assessment, the nurse hears crackles in the patient's lung fields. The nurse also learns that the patient is sleeping on three pillows to help with the difficulty breathing during the night
Which condition will the nurse most likely observe written in the patient's medical record?
a. Atrial fibrillation
b. Myocardial ischemia
c. Left-sided heart failure
d. Right-sided heart failure
ANS: C
Left-sided heart failure results in pulmonary congestion, the signs and symptoms of which include shortness of breath, cough, crackles, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (difficulty breathing when lying flat). Right-sided heart failure is systemic and results in peripheral edema, weight gain, and distended neck veins. Atrial fibrillation is often described as an irregularly irregular rhythm; rhythm is irregular because of the multiple pacemaker sites. Myocardial ischemia results when the supply of blood to the myocardium from the coronary arteries is insufficient to meet myocardial oxygen demands, producing angina or myocardial infarction.
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a. serosa. b. rubra. c. palatine. d. alba.
A nurse researcher would want to use a Cronbach's alpha coefficient to establish the internal consistency of an instrument in which case?
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A person would be most likely to produce excessive ketones if his or her food intake that day consisted only of
a. green salad with oil and vinegar dressing. b. refried pinto beans and rice. c. cheeseburgers and French fries. d. fried eggs with bacon and hash brown potatoes.
The nurse is contributing to a patient's plan of care. Which positioning would the nurse recommend for a patient with a left deep vein thrombosis?
a. Elevate left leg above heart level. b. Elevate right leg above heart level. c. Elevate both legs above heart level. d. Elevate head above level of legs.