Which of the following pharmacologic therapies can be used for the relief of patient pain? I. opioids II. nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs III. neuromuscular blockade IV. calcium channel blockers
A. II, III only
B. III, IV only
C. I, II, III only
D. I, III, IV only
?ANS: C
A. Incorrect response: See explanation C.
B. Incorrect response: See explanation C.
C. Correct response: If pain relief cannot be achieved via positioning, or removal of physical irritants (e.g., endotracheal tube malposition), pharmacologic therapies should be instituted. These therapies include opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and neural blockades.
D. Incorrect response: See explanation C.
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