Especially important for self-concept is a culture’s attitude about gender roles, about how a man or woman should act. In fact, a popular classification of cultures is in terms of their masculinity and femininity. In a highly “masculine culture” men are viewed as assertive, oriented to material success, and strong; women are viewed as modest, focused on the quality of life, and tender. In a highly “feminine culture,” both men and women are encouraged to be modest, oriented to maintaining the quality of life, and tender. On the basis of Hofstede’s research, the ten countries with the highest masculinity score (beginning with the highest) are:
Japan
Austria
Venezuela
Italy
Switzerland
Mexico
Ireland
Jamaica
Great Britain
Germany
The ten countries with the highest femininity scores (beginning with the highest) are:
Sweden
Norway
Netherlands
Denmark
Costa Rica
Yugoslavia
Finland
Chile
Portugal
Thailand
Out of the 53 countries ranked, the United States ranked 15th most masculine. (DeVito, pp. 96–97)
It can be concluded from the above that
A) more than half of the “feminine” cultures are comprised of Latin American nations.
B) gender roles in different cultures has been researched.
C) stereotypically, Japan has always been viewed as a “feminine culture.”
B) gender roles in different cultures has been researched.
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