Describe the Tuskegee syphilis study and explain how the Belmont Report addresses ethical violations in that study.
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: Varies.
In the Tuskegee syphilis study, researchers withheld penicillin (a cure) from African American men with syphilis and did not inform other African American men that they had the illness so that the researchers could study the course of the illness. This violates ethical principles and helped prompt the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare to generate the Belmont Report. The Belmont Report has three principles designed to protect human subjects: Respect for persons, Beneficence, and Justice. Respect for persons involves treating people as individual agents, Beneficence refers broadly to minimizing harm and maximizing benefits, and Justice means distributing benefits and risks fairly. The Tuskegee study showed gross disregard for the well-being of participants; the researchers prioritized their own goals and did not minimize harm to the participants nor maximize participants’ benefits (beneficence). These individuals were not recognized as autonomous agents, and no informed consent was provided. Further, the researchers unjustly withheld knowledge that penicillin cures syphilis from this group of participants.
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What will be an ideal response?