Theories about the genetic origins of altruism suggest that evolution should only favor altruism when it is directed towards family members. Assuming such theories are correct, which of the following choices best explains the fact that people nonetheless do behave altruistically, sometimes astonishingly so, towards strangers?
A. When you see an opportunity for altruism in a public setting, you might consciously view this as a chance to impress your peers and social group (or even potential mates) with your generosity.
B. When you see a stranger in trouble in a public setting, you might believe that if you are the first bystander to take action and offer help, it may inspire others to follow your example.
C. When an opportunity to help someone presents itself, you might see them not as a stranger but as another in-group member (e.g., "a fellow American"), making generosity more likely.
D. When you perform a major act of altruism (e.g., donating a kidney) for a stranger, you do so knowing that if you ever need help (e.g., you encounter a medical problem of your own), that person is likely to return the favor later.
Answer: C
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