What type of dehydration occurs when the electrolyte deficit exceeds the water deficit?
a. Isotonic dehydration
b. Hypotonic dehydration
c. Hypertonic dehydration
d. Hyperosmotic dehydration
ANS: B
Hypotonic dehydration occurs when the electrolyte deficit exceeds the water deficit, leaving the serum hypotonic. Isotonic dehydration occurs in conditions in which electrolyte and water deficits are present in balanced proportion. Hypertonic dehydration results from water loss in excess of electrolyte loss. This is the most dangerous type of dehydration. It is caused by feeding children fluids with high amounts of solute. Hyperosmotic dehydration is another term for hypertonic dehydration.
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