Li-Fraumeni syndrome is a rare inherited disease that greatly increases a person's risk of developing several types of cancer. This disease stems from a mutation in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene (Nichols et al. 2001
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 10:83-87). In most cases, approximately 95% of the mutations can be detected by sequence analysis of exons 4 through 9. If you isolated and analyzed DNA from a Li-Fraumeni patient, what genotype should you find in DNA isolated from a. normal tissue? b. malignant tissue?
(a) The DNA from normal tissue should reveal one loss-of-function TP53 mutation (TP53-/TP53+).
(b) Malignant tissue should show loss of both alleles (TP53-/TP53-).
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Scientists determine the structure of complex proteinsprimarily by:
A. model building and calculation. B. exploration and observation. C. inspiration . D. serendipity.
Approximately one-third of a polypeptide chain consists of reverse turns because:
A. turns increase stability. B. turns are the site of substrate binding. C. turns allow a polypeptide to assume a globular configuration. D. ? helices are stabilized by turns. E. ? sheets are stabilized by turns.
Which of the following mutations always
lead(s) to a shift of the mRNA's reading frame?
a. deletion and insertion b. deletion and substitution c. insertion and substitution d. substitution e. insertion
Emerging diseases ____
a. are related to lifestyle factors b. are caused by poor diet c. are never caused by viruses d. are caused by pathogens that until recently had limited impact on human health e. include obesity and type 2 diabetes