Research participants' performance may be altered as a result of special attention given to them rather than because of any effect of the independent variable. This is called:
a. the Hawthorne effect
b. the placebo effect
c. demand characteristics
d. a cultural effect
A
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Michael has always felt like he was really a girl. He dressed in girls' clothing as a child and still wants to be a girl. He is sure that a mistake was made and that he is inhabiting a wrong-sexed body. Michael's symptoms suggest a diagnosis of __________.
A. frotteurism B. gender dysphoria C. transvestic fetishism D. homosexuality
The analysis of variance compares
a. the total variance with the variance within groups. b. the total variance with the variance between group means. c. the variance between group means with the variance within groups. d. the variance within groups with the variance among all data points.
Which example is explained best by the principle of natural selection?
a) Cows have tails. b) Penguins can't fly. c) Eagles have strong talons. d) Zebras are smaller than horses.
Construct validity is primarily concerned with
a) The explanation of the causal relationship between the experimental manipulation and the outcome b) The rationale for the measurement used in the experiment c) Ruling out alternative operational definitions of the construct of interest d) The validity of the interpretation in defining the construct of interest