Define the Oparin-Haldane hypothesis and explain how it has been tested in a laboratory
What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER: The Oparin-Haldane hypothesis proposes that conditions on early Earth allowed the formation of organic compounds that were essential building blocks for the first cells. In a closed vessel, hydrogen, methane, ammonia, and water vapor were exposed to charged electrodes. Over the course of a week, urea, amino acids, lactic acid, formic acid, and acetic acids had all formed in the container. If the original atmosphere had the same composition as what was in the container, this experiment showed one way in which organic molecules could have been formed.
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Which of the following is (are) used by microorganisms to become resistant to a particular drug?
A. Exclusion of the drug from the cell B. Enzymatic inactivation of the drug C. An alternate metabolic pathway that bypasses the drug-sensitive step D. All of the choices are correct.
________ is the genetic material for all cellular organisms and some viruses.
A. Protein B. DNA C. Chromatin D. RNA
What type of immunity is NOT due to antibodies?
A) Innate immunity B) Naturally acquired active immunity C) Naturally acquired passive immunity D) Artificially acquired active immunity E) Artificially acquired passive immunity
The refractory period of an action potential
A. has no effect on direction of action potential propagation. B. allows bidirectional flow of the action potential. C. prevents flow of action potential towards cell body. D. is not a component of every action potential.