What is the most important factor in determining the rate of fluid replacement in the dehydrated child?
a. The child's weight
b. The type of dehydration
c. Urine output
d. Serum potassium level
B
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A The child's weight determines the amount of fluid needed, not the rate of fluid
replacement. One milliliter of body fluid is equal to 1 g of body weight; therefore
a loss of 1 kg (2.2 lb) is equal to 1 L of fluid.
B Isonamtremic and hyponatremic dehydration resuscitation involves fluid
replacement over 24 hours. Hypernatremic dehydration involves a slower
replacement rate to prevent a sudden decrease in the sodium level.
C Urine output is not a consideration for determining the rate of administration of
replacement fluids.
D Potassium level is not as significant in determining the rate of fluid replacement
as the type of dehydration.
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