Describe some of the characteristics that make the following processes irreversible:
(a) liquid water at 1 atm being heated and vaporized to steam at 1 atm and 200oC;
(b) carbon dioxide gas being mixed with nitrogen gas;
(c) a ball rolling down an inclined plane;
(d) air escaping a popped balloon.
What will be an ideal response?
Some features which make each case irreversible
(a) Heat transfer over a finite temperature difference (source must be at least 200oC, while boiling is at 100oC); friction in expansion.
(b) Mixing process between gases
(c) Friction between ball and surface; Friction between ball and air
(d) Unrestrained expansion of a gas
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What will be an ideal response?
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What will be an ideal response?
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