The shortest time required to kill all the microbes in a sample at a specified temperature is called the

A. thermal death point (TDP).
B. sporicidal time.
C. thermal death time (TDT).
D. death phase point.


Answer: C

Biology & Microbiology

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Which of the following is NOT a piece of genetic evidence that supports the "out of Africa" hypothesis for the origin of humans

A. mtDNA seqeunces from African and Non- African samples indicates a divergence time of approximately 200,000 years. B. Genetic diversity of mtDNA sequences among African samples is greater than genetic diversity of mtDNA sequences among Non-African samples. C. mtDNA alleles present in Europe are a sub -set of mtDNA alleles derived from those present in Africa. D. mtDNA alleles among samples from Africa are more similar than mtDNA alleles among samples from Europe

Biology & Microbiology

The cell walls of plant cells and prokaryotic cells are structurally identical

a. true b. false

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A Neurospora mutant that is a tryptophan auxotroph does not need to be grown on a medium that contains tryptophan

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Biology & Microbiology

A hydrogen atom that has become an ion is

a. a negatively charged ion. b. an isotope. c. unstable. d. a proton. e. an electron

Biology & Microbiology