Use the following organisms to describe energy flow and nutrient cycling: fungal decomposer,
caterpillar, deciduous tree, and carnivorous bird.
What will be an ideal response?
The sun drives the photosynthetic process in the leaves of the tree, allowing the tree to maintain itself
and resulting in growth and reproduction. The leaves are shed once per year, which feed the fungal
decomposer. The tree will eventually die and provide nutrients and energy for the fungal decomposer.
Some of the energy contained in the biomass of the leaves is transferred to caterpillars for
maintenance, growth and reproduction, while most of the chemical energy in the tree not stored in the
biomass is lost as heat as a result of cellular respiration. Caterpillars provide nutrients and energy to
the fungal decomposer for maintenance, growth and reproduction via their waste and pupal cases
(cocoon), and waste and pupal cases provide nutrients directly and indirectly for tree growth and
reproduction. A portion of the energy in caterpillars is transferred to the bird, while most of the energy
in the caterpillar is lost as heat as a result of cellular respiration. Bird waste provides nutrients to the
fungal decomposer and can indirectly provide nutrients for tree maintenance, growth and reproduction.
Most of the energy in each organism is lost as heat, while nutrients are recycled between the tree,
caterpillar and fungal decomposer.
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Which is not true of phototrophs?
A) They capture light energy. B) They can be bacteria. C) They store energy as glucose. D) They never function as autotrophs. E) They provide energy for chemotrophs.
The skin would be an example of
a. a first line of defense. b. a second line of defense. c. a third line of defense. d. all of these. e. none of these.
The only antibody not secreted in significant amounts by B cells.
What will be an ideal response?
Lateral line organs allow:a
invertebrates to detect gravity. b. humans to perform skillful acts with their eyes closed. c. amphibians to detect light. d. fish to detect vibrations in water. e. birds to detect sound waves