During post–Civil War expansion, large corporations and railroads outgrew the ability of individual states to control and regulate them. This led to an increased federal role through the creation of ______.
a. independent federal agencies
b. more executive-level departments
c. expansion of federal regulation to state and local levels
d. increased federal authority over day-to-day state and local operations
a. independent federal agencies
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Which of the following is NOT true of Indira Gandhi during her time as prime minister?
a. She contributed to the growth of Hindu nationalism. b. She consolidated control over the Congress Party by replacing existing leaders with loyal allies and by cultivating a deeply personalistic leadership style. c. She aggravated ethnic and religious tensions. d. In response to increasing popular opposition, she suspended many democratic rights and ruled by decree. e. She continued her predecessor's economic policies.
Which of the following are two features of public goods?
a. Their costs are borne collectively and no one can be excluded from their benefits. b. They are finite and paid for by individuals. c. They are provided according to the demands of the market and they are excludable. d. They are purchased from the lowest seller and sold to the highest bidder.
Which explanation for coups stated that African militaries should be understood as riven by the same regional, ethnic, and personal divisions that characterize African politics in general?
A. institutions/political culture B. neopatrimonialism C. military self-interest D. anarchy
How can a shoestring lobbyist shape public policy?
a. By hiring a research team. b. By establishing a coalition with like-minded groups. c. By bending the truth to suit their needs. d. By working alone.