Briefly describe the four major categories of antidepressant drugs
What will be an ideal response?
Antidepressant drugs fall into several categories, including tricyclics, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and atypical antidepressants. The tricyclics (e.g., imipramine, trade name Tofranil) operate by blocking the transporter proteins that reabsorb serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine into the presynaptic neuron after their release. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are similar to tricyclics but specific to the neurotransmitter serotonin. The monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) (e.g., phenelzine, trade name Nardil) block the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO), a presynaptic enzyme that metabolizes catecholamines and serotonin into inactive forms. The atypical antidepressants include everything other than the types just discussed (Horst & Preskorn, 1998). One example is bupropion (Wellbutrin), which inhibits reuptake of dopamine and to some extent norepinephrine but not serotonin. Although antidepressants vary in which neurotransmitter(s) they target—serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, or some combination—all appear to be nearly equal in their effectiveness (Montgomery et al., 2007).
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Within psychology, ____ typically focus on "abnormal" behavior (e.g., mental disorders and behavioral disorders)
a. only clinical psychologists b. both clinical psychologists and personality psychologists c. only personality psychologists d. psychologists from all branches of psychology
The so-called "self-serving bias" refers to the tendency for people to ____
a. take credit for their successes but deny blame for their failures b. remember cases in which they succeeded but forget cases in which they failed c. notice when they are better than others at things, but fail to notice when they are worse than others at things d. think that their personal skills, traits, and characteristics are more valuable and desirable than they really are
Chris typically can be found with his group of close friends on the gym steps at lunchtime. He is socializing in a
clique. cluster. crowd. crew.
Henry learned that the word diplomat originates from two Greek stems—diplo, meaning two or double, and mati, meaning eye. Therefore, an ambassador is a diplomat who looks at relations between his or her country and the foreign country from two sets of eyes or two perspectives. Henry had little difficulty remembering the definition. What is this an example of?
a. visual encoding c. episodic memory b. maintenance rehearsal d. elaborative rehearsal