The nurse researches the relationship between frequent ingestion of fast foods and obesity
The nurse finds that in a population that eats at least five fast food meals per week on average, the incidence rate of people who are obese is 735/1,000 population. In the population that eats only one fast food meal per week on average, the incidence rate of people who are obese is 245/1,000 population. Based on these findings, what is the relative risk of developing obesity in those who eat at least five fast food meals per week?
A) 0.3
B) 0.7
C) 1
D) 3
Ans: D
Feedback:
Relative risk (RR) is defined as the ratio of disease incidence (or death) in an exposed population to that in an unexposed population. The assumption is that the underlying risk without the exposure is the same in both groups. Relative risk is a ratio ranging from 0 to infinity that indicates the strength of the association between the risk factor and the outcome. It is calculated by dividing the risk in the group exposed to a risk factor by the risk in the unexposed group. In this case, we perform the following calculation: 735/245 = 3. An RR significantly greater than 1 (statistically) indicates that the exposure is associated with increased risk of disease. An RR significantly less than 1 (statistically) indicates that the exposure is associated with decreased risk of disease; that is, the exposure is protective. An RR not significantly different from 1 (statistically) indicates that there is no association between the exposure and the risk of disease.
You might also like to view...
The anesthesiologist has specified that ketamine will be included in a surgical patient's balanced anesthesia. When in postanesthetic recovery, the nurse should assess for what adverse effect of this medication?
A) Labile blood pressure B) Increased intracranial pressure C) Hyperventilation and respiratory alkalosis D) Delirium and agitation
What information about intimate partner violence (IPV) should the nurse understand? (Select all that apply.)
a. A large number of women are sexually assaulted by their partners. b. Annually, up to 12% of women are assaulted by their partners. c. Coercive, controlling behavior is often seen in lesbian relationships. d. Male homosexuals have the same rates of IPV as do heterosexuals. e. Most IPV is done by men against women, but men can be victims, too.
The nurse strives to provide culturally competent care for children in a health clinic that follows the principles of health supervision. Which of the following nursing actions reflects this type of care?
A) The nurse treats all children the same regardless of their culture. B) The nurse negotiates a care plan with the child and family. C) The nurse researches the child's culture and provides care based on the findings. D) The nurse provides future-based care for culturally diverse children.
The nurse is discussing the postoperative period with a patient with a corneal transplant. Which statement concerning the improvement of vision indicates understanding?
a. "I will have my full vision restored within 48 to 72 hours." b. "It will take about 24 hours before I see improvement in my vision." c. "My vision will show improvement in about 2 weeks." d. "It may take about a month before my vi-sion shows improvement."