Explain some of the problems in testing for differential prediction described in the reading.
What will be an ideal response?
They provided analytic proof that the finding of intercept-based differences favoring minority-group members may be a statistical artifact. Also, empirical evidence gathered over the past two decades suggests that the slope-based test is typically conducted at low levels of statistical power (Aguinis, 1995, 2004b).
Low power for the slope-based test typically results from the use of small samples, but is also due to the interactive effects of various statistical and methodological artifacts such as unreliability, range restriction, and violation of the assumption that error variances are homogeneous (Aguinis & Pierce, 1998a). The net result is a reduction in the size of observed differential prediction vis-à-vis population differential prediction (Aguinis, Beaty, Boik, & Pierce, 2005). In practical terms, low power affects fairness assessment in that one may conclude incorrectly that a selection procedure predicts outcomes equally well for various subgroups based on race or sex--that is, that there is no differential relationship. However, this sample-based conclusion may be incorrect. In fact, the selection procedure actually may predict outcomes differentially across subgroups. Such differential prediction may not be detected, however, because of the low statistical power inherent in test validation research. Violating the homogeneity-of-error variance assumption has been identified as a factor that can affect the power of MMR to detect test unfairness. Heterogeneous error variances can affect both Type I error (incorrectly concluding that the selection procedures are unfair) and statistical power. However, Alexander and DeShon (1994) showed that, when the subgroup with the larger sample size is associated with the larger error variance (i.e., the smaller X–Y correlation), statistical power is lowered markedly. Aguinis and Pierce (1998a) noted that this specific scenario, in which the subgroup with the larger n is paired with the smaller correlation coefficient, is the most typical situation in personnel selection research in a variety of organizational settings.
You might also like to view...
Parties may obtain discovery of:
A) Any nonprivileged material that is relevant to litigation B) Any nonprivileged material that is relevant to litigation and will be admissible at trial C) Any nonprivileged material that is relevant to litigation and will be admissible or lead to evidence that will be admissible at trial D) Any nonprivileged material that is relevant to litigation and will be admissible or lead to evidence that will be admissible at trial, after taking into account the importance of the issues at stake and the burden or expense of the discovery
When a supervising attorney gives you a writing assignment, it is important to learn which of the following??
A. ?The nature of the assignment B. ?When the assignment needs to be completed C. ?What kind of writing approach the assignment calls for D. ?All of these choices are correct.
In People v. Mitchell (Mitchell woke up with a dead girl next to him),?
A. ?the court held that statements Mitchell made to unknown women in the common reception area of law offices were not protected by lawyer-client privilege. B. ?the court held that statements Mitchell made to unknown women in the common reception area of law offices were protected by lawyer-client privilege. C. ?Mitchell's statements were privileged because he was in a law office when he made them. D. ?Mitchell's statements were protected by client-attorney privilege.
Mike is a door-to-door salesperson. As he walks to Holly’s apartment door, he slips on a roller skate. For purposes of premises liability, Mike would be classified as
A. an invitee. B. a licensee. C. a trespasser. D. an occupier.