Asplenic individuals have low levels of IgM, and because of this have an increased risk of infection with encapsulated bacteria. How does IgM help control encapsulated bacteria?
A) IgM antibodies bind to bacterial capsules, and clump bacterial cells together, facilitating phagocytosis
B) IgM antibodies upregulate body temperature
C) IgM antibodies decrease blood pressure
D) IgM antibodies cause tachypnea
A) IgM antibodies bind to bacterial capsules, and clump bacterial cells together, facilitating phagocytosis
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As a research scientist, you measure the amount of ATP and NADPH consumed by the Calvin cycle in 1 hour. You find that 30,000 molecules of ATP were consumed, but only 20,000 molecules of NADPH were consumed. Where did the extra ATP molecules come from?
A) photosystem II B) photosystem I C) cyclic electron flow D) linear electron flow E) chlorophyll
Biological fitness is best defined as
A) A heritable trait that increases the match of an individual to its environment. B) Variability in the population for a trait that increases survival. C) Relative the ability of an individual to produce offspring that survive and reproduce. D) Competition among individuals for resources that allow them to have more offspring. E) Similar reproductive success among individuals in a population.
A nuclear pore is most similar to a:
A. pump protein. B. channel protein. C. carrier protein. D. symporter protein.
Which of the following proteins is a transcriptional factor that binds genes and regulates the transcription of genes that promote cell division?
A. GRB2 B. epidermal growth factor C. myc D. raf-1 E. MAPK