Which of the following statements are correct regarding epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa? (Select all that apply.)
a. They prevent diffusion of hydrogen into the mucosa.
b. They secrete bicarbonate to neutralize hydrogen ions.
c. They have the ability to increase blood flow to facilitate removal of toxic metabolites.
d. They break down prostaglandins.
A, B, C
The epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa are packed very close together and serve as a protective barrier, preventing diffusion of hydrogen ions into the mucosa. The mucus further protects the gastric mucosa by delaying back diffusion of hydrogen ions and trapping them for neutralization by the secreted bicarbonate. The gastric mucosa also has the ability to increase blood flow, providing an additional buffer for acid neutralization and aiding in the removal of toxic metabolites and chloride ions from injured mucosa. The gastric mucosal cells synthesize a family of unsaturated fatty acids known as prostaglandins.
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