Lateen and Darley's (1968) "smoke-filled room" study demonstrates the concept of
a. diffusion of responsibility.
b. pluralistic ignorance.
c. audience inhibition.
d. negative state relief.
Answer: b. pluralistic ignorance.
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Studies of infant stepping behavior on a treadmill demonstrated that a. the pattern of alternating of steps on each leg precedes the ability to walk
b. even very young infants can walk without assistance. c. infants cannot judge the speed of movement of a moving object (e.g., the treadmill). d. infants will refuse to attempt to walk even if held upright.
the tone was presented in compound with the light (Stage 1) and also in compound with the bell (Stage 2). What was the critical difference between the two compound CSs—CSMT&CSML and CSMT&CSB?
a. CSMT&CSB was never paired with shock but CSMT&CSML always was. b. The bell overshadowed the tone but the light did not. c. CSMT&CSB was always paired with shock but CSMT&CSML never was. d. CSMT&CSB was presented only once.
Which of the following is NOT true regarding cohabiting relationships that subsequently marry?
a. As cohabitation has become more accepted the cohabitation effect has not decreased. b. The cohabitation effect holds true even for second marriages. c. Premarital cohabitation decreases marital discord and divorce rates. d. Cohabitation may change people's attitudes, values, or habits negatively.
The slot machines at a casino are ______.
a. on a continuous schedule of reinforcement b. negatively reinforcing c. a good example of behavioral momentum d. on a noncontinuous schedule of reinforcement