A heart failure client has an echocardiogram performed revealing an ejection fraction (EF) of 40%. The nurse knows this EF is below normal and explains to the client:
A) "This means you have a lot of pressure built-up inside your heart."
B) "This means your heart is not pumping as much blood out of the heart with each beat."
C) "You need to increase the amount of exercise you do to get your heart muscle back in shape."
D) "Your ventricular muscle is getting too stiff to beat normally."
Ans: B
Feedback:
Ejection fraction is the percentage of diastolic volume ejected from the heart [left ventricle] during systole. Stroke volume is determined by the difference between end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes. Cardiac output is determined by stroke volume and heart rate. Cardiac reserve refers to the maximum percentage of increase in cardiac output that can be achieved above the normal resting level.
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