Unilineal evolution refers to:
a. the notion that some species evolve to be better than others.
b. the hypothesis that biological life began at a singular point.
c. the theory that evolution impacts all species the same way.
d. the idea that all cultures pass through the same stages of development.
D
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Cortés was able to quickly and easily defeat the Aztecs, in part because:
A. he pacified the Aztecs by providing them with luxury goods. B. he starved the Aztec armies by cutting off their food supplies. C. he received help from Indian groups that despised the Aztecs. D. his group vastly outnumbered Aztec armies. E. All of the answers are correct.
Some populations like the Polynesians, the San, or the people of southern India have phenotypes that do not fit neatly into "standard" racial categories, which suggests that
A. it is best to classify humans into a large number of racial categories. B. phenotypical variation between human populations involves gradual shifts across different geographic zones. C. these populations must have originated sometime before the major racial groups originated. D. traditional concepts of race need to be reworked so that they are more exclusive. E. there has been a lot of gene flow in the time since the origin of the three major human races.
What is the major benefit that results from narrative, or reflexive, ethnography?
a. It provides a more objective account of fieldwork. b. It is subjective and leads to much more interesting publications on the ethnographic experience. c. Narrative ethnography provides employment and recognition for community members. d. Through narrative ethnography we better understand the process of doing fieldwork and the effect the researcher and subjects have on each other. e. Narrative ethnography is recognized today as the only way to produce comparative data sets that allow for a scientific analysis of culture.
In many parts of the world, the spread of industrial agriculture is directly linked to __________
a. reduction in the amount of land farmed b. increased utilization of indigenous agricultural plant types c. very rapid urban growth d. increased standards of living for most farming families