What is the major insight provided by the Markowitz framework in portfolio theory?

What will be an ideal response?


The main insight of the Markowitz framework is that when assets are combined to create
a portfolio, the portfolio's risk (as measured by the portfolio variance) is not merely some weighted average of the risks of the individual assets comprising the portfolio. Instead, the portfolio's riskdepends on the covariance or correlation of the returns between each pair of assets comprising the portfolio. The covarianceis the degree to which the returns on two assets co-vary or change together. The correlation is analogous to the covariance between the expected returns for two assets. Specifically, the correlation between the returns for two assets is equal to the covariance of the two assets divided by the product of their standard deviations.

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