Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)

1. All infectious diseases are caused by microbes.
2. “Carbuncle” and “boil” are synonyms.
3. The most common causes of sinusitis are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes.
4. Most sore throats are caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
5. “Bacteremia” and “septicemia” are synonyms.


1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. FALSE
4. FALSE
5. FALSE

Biology & Microbiology

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What type of natural selection are the population of voles going through?

A population of voles (very small mammals) live in a shady forest. The all of the voles are a light tan color, a dark brown coloration arises by a new mutation. The darker voles are harder for predators to see in the leaf litter, thus they are less susceptible to predation. After 10 generations the majority of voles in the population are the dark brown color. In the figure above the solid red line represents the number of light colored individuals before the mutation and the black dashed line represents the number of dark brown individuals after 10 generations.



A. Directional selection.
B. Stabilizing selection.
C. Diversifying selection (disruptive selection).
D. Balancing selection.
E. Negative frequency-dependent selection.

Biology & Microbiology

________ is the messenger that regulates blood pressure by causing arterial smooth muscle relaxation

Fill in the blank with correct word.

Biology & Microbiology

Root hair development is under the control of two genes that code for transcription factors. Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Biology & Microbiology

Which property is true of living things?

A. They are stable over time. B. They are stable over many generations. C. They use protein as their hereditary material. D. They must obtain all organic molecules of life from external sources. E. They require water.

Biology & Microbiology