Imagine you are a student studying psychology at the end of the 1800s. You go to a lecture presented by William James. Which statement would you most expect to hear regarding James' view of human behavior?
a. There is no such thing as an instinct.
b. Instincts exist only in nonhuman animals.
c. Although some instincts exist in humans, they are generally unimportant.
d. Humans rely even more on instinctual behavior than other animals.
Answer: d. Humans rely even more on instinctual behavior than other animals.
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The stereotype content model recognizes that stereotypes vary in content, but that they share several key dimensions. One dimension is warmth: some groups are viewed positively, others are viewed negatively. The other dimension is
a. similarity to the ingroup. b. judged competence of the outgroup. c. competitiveness of the outgroup. d. size of the outgroup. e. activity level of members of the other group.
"Behavioral inhibition" is a term of psychological jargon that stands for what ordinary people would call
a. adventurousness. b. intestinal fortitude. c. sassiness. d. cautiousness.
Most physical and psychological traits are _________
a. determined by one dominant gene b. determined by co-dominant alleles c. polygenic d. not determined by genes
According to research by Costa and McCrae, individuals ________ were more likely to respond to disequilibrium by increases in substance abuse, illness, depression, or regressive patterns of defense
a. low in conscientiousness b. high in neuroticism c. from low socioeconomic status backgrounds d. high in openness to experience