This is the first exam you have ever taken in Professor Smith's class. You know nothing about her tests, and she has never done anything harmful to you or anyone else
Nonetheless, you are anxious about the test. Your anxiety in this situation is an example of:
a. generalization.
b. discrimination.
c. backward conditioning.
d. none of the above.
a
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A small branch of the optic nerve, known as the ____ path extends directly from the retina to the SCN
a. opticthalamic b. retinohypothalamic c. opticretinal d. retinothalamic
Any consequence that reduces the occurrence of a target behavior is, by definition, a
a. reinforcer. b. negative reinforcer. c. punisher. d. stimulus control.
Correlations observed in the world around us are termed:
A) natural experiments. B) independent variables. C) case studies. D) natural correlations.
Approximately _____% of the population are diagnosed with panic disorder using DSM criteria.
A) 2 B) 5 C) 9 D) 22