A client has been diagnosed with a gram-negative bacterial infection and has been prescribed a fluoroquinolone for treatment of this infection
What step of the bacterial DNA replication process is most likely being affected by the use of this medication?
1. It inhibits the enzyme DNA polymerase necessary for DNA replication.
2. It binds to the enzyme topoisomerase IV, preventing the new DNA strands from migrating to opposite sides of the cell, thus preventing bacterial cell replication.
3. It inhibits the relaxation of the supercoil prior to the unwinding process, which terminates replication.
4. It inhibits the unwinding of the two strands of the supercoil, thus terminating replication.
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: Fluoroquinolones do not appear to affect the enzyme DNA polymerase.
Rationale 2: Fluoroquinolones do not prevent migration of the new DNA strands in order to prevent bacterial cell replication.
Rationale 3: It is thought that fluoroquinolones fight gram-negative organisms by binding to DNA gyrase, thereby inhibiting the ability of the supercoil to relax, resulting in termination of bacterial cell replication.
Rationale 4: Fluoroquinolones do not appear to affect the unwinding process of the supercoil.
Global Rationale: The fluoroquinolone antibiotics act on two enzymes in the DNA replication process. First, they bind to DNA gyrase, inhibiting its ability to relax the supercoiling of the bacterial DNA. When the replication enzymes reach an area still in a supercoiled state, replication terminates. A second mechanism is binding to topoisomerase IV. When this occurs, the two daughter DNA strands cannot migrate to opposite sides of the cell, and division cannot be completed. They do not appear to affect the unwinding process itself or to prevent migration, and do not affect the enzyme DNA polymerase.
You might also like to view...
Which serum laboratory values alert the nurse to the possibility of hyperaldosteronism? (Select all that apply.)
a. Sodium, 150 mEq/L b. Sodium, 130 mEq/L c. Potassium, 2.5 mEq/L d. Potassium, 5.0 mEq/L e. pH, 7.28 f. pH, 7.50
The nurse caring for the new mother of African American descent should implement which of the following interventions regarding sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
1. Instruct in side-lying and face-down positions when in the crib 2. Instruct in face-up position when in the crib 3. Encourage good handwashing 4. Ensure adequate nutritional intake for the mother and newborn
A nurse is making a visit to a client in the home. As a home health care nurse you may be expected to accomplish which of the following?
A) Complete an assessment on each visit. B) Provide support to the client and family. C) Administer treatments and medications. D) Document actions regarding patient, activities, and progress. E) Communicate and collaborate with other members of the health team.
A patient with schizophrenia has been taking an oral FGA for 1 week. The patient has been taking the drug daily in two divided doses. The individual complains of daytime drowsiness
The patient's family reports a decrease in the person's hostility and anxiety but states that the patient remains antisocial with disordered thinking. What will the nurse tell the patient and the family? a. An increased dose of the drug may be needed. b. Intramuscular dosing may be needed. c. Some symptoms take months to improve. d. The entire dose may be taken at bedtime.