Which of the following are factors associated with pressure and flow-related complications dur-ing noninvasive ventilation?

1. Sinus and ear pain
2. Nasal congestion
3. Upper airway dryness
4. Gastric insufflations
a. 1 and 2 only
b. 2 and 2 only
c. 1, 2, and 3 only
d. 1, 2, 3, and 4


ANS: D
Air pressure and flow-related complications include nasal congestion, upper airway dryness, sinus and ear pain, eye irritation, and gastric insufflations.

Health Professions

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