Amniocentesis is one diagnostic tool used to assess fetal health and well-being, and it is used for what reason(s)? (Select all that apply.)
a. Assessment of a genetic disorder
b. Determining alpha-fetoprotein levels
c. Assessment of fetal lung maturity
d. Assessment of placental insufficiency
e. Determining location of placenta
ANS: A, B, C
Amniocentesis is used to assess for genetic disorders, to determine alpha-fetoprotein levels (elevated level may mean a neural tube defect; decreased level may indicate a chromosomal disorder or gestational trophoblastic disease), and to check for fetal lung maturity. Placental insufficiency is assessed using a Doppler ultrasound. Ultrasound imaging is used to determine the location of the placenta.
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