The Japanese bureaucracy informally influences industries and firms through a practice known as ______.
A. administrative guidance
B. negotiated regulation
C. state–business collusion
D. the postal savings system
A. administrative guidance
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Which of the following is not a primary reason that size of membership makes an interest group more effective?
A) The larger the membership, the more direct benefits to each member. B) A large membership has an advantage in raising funds to support its activities. C) Large membership makes elected leaders responsive to a group's concerns. D) There is "power in numbers." E) An interest group with large numbers can convince its members to vote for a candidate.
What did the U.S. government do to encourage the settlement of the West?
A. It gave away millions of acres of land to railroad companies to encourage the development of the West. B. It fully funded the building of railroads to connect the coasts. C. It funded the building of more missions. D. It opened gold mines and put people to work.
The term interest group can be generally defined as
A) an organization that seeks a collective good, the achievement of which will not specifically or materially benefit the membership or activists of the organization. B) a group that has a narrow interest, dislikes compromise, and single-mindedly pursues its goal. C) all people who share some common interest regardless of whether they join an organization promoting that interest. D) an organization of people with similar policy goals entering the political process to try to achieve those aims. E) an organization of people who share a common interest who run candidates in elections sympathetic to that interest.
Tacit knowledge is best defined as ______.
A. initial responses to observations, made when analyzing field notes B. information that key informants deliberately withhold from intensive interviews C. largely unarticulated, contextual understandings of social processes D. hypotheses taken from field research that can be tested in future research