In normal upright lungs, what value represents the ventilation–perfusion value in the apex?
A. 5.0
B. 3.0
C. 1.0
D. ?
?ANS: A
A. Correct response: In the lungs of a normal upright person, a vertical distribution of ventilation–perfusion relationships exists. The values of these ventilation–perfusion relationships range from 5.0 in the apices to 0.5 in the bases. An ideal ventilation–perfusion ratio is 1.0. A capillary shunt unit has a ratio of zero; alveolar dead space has a value of ∞ (infinity).
B. Incorrect response: See explanation A.
C. Incorrect response: See explanation A.
D. Incorrect response: See explanation A.
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