If a wound overwhelms the clotting mechanism and leads to serious hemorrhage and drop in blood pressure, what compensations does the body have to maintain cardiac output?
Acutely, the autonomic nervous system undergoes sympathetic activation. Epinephrine from the adrenal medulla supports the neural mechanisms. Heart rate and contractility are increased in trying to maintain cardiac output. Vasoconstriction increases peripheral resistance, raising blood pressure and redirecting flow to vital internal organs. Simultaneously, venoconstriction occurs, increasing venous return and forcing extra blood from the venous to the arterial side of the circulation. The endocrine system releases ADH, angiotensin II, and aldosterone, which act together to raise blood volume by reducing fluid loss at the kidney.
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Two major classes of adrenergic receptors, ________ and ________, are found in the ANS.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
The delivery of a radioactive compound to the body to study the metabolism of tissues is called ________.
A. PET B. MRI C. DSR D. DSA
Which of the following would be classified as an irregular bone?
A. Carpal B. Parietal bone C. Humerus D. Vertebra
Which of the following statements is true regarding signs and symptoms of disease?
A. Symptoms cannot be measured. B. Nausea is considered a sign. C. Symptoms are objective signals of disease. D. Signs cannot be measured.