A baby is stillborn after 6 hours of labor. Autopsy reveals hydrocephalus caused by cystic dila-tion of the fourth ventricle and aqueductal compression. Which of the following is the most like-ly diagnosis?
a. Congenital hydrocephalus
b. Microcephaly
c. Dandy-Walker deformity
d. Macewen sign
ANS: C
The Dandy-Walker malformation is a congenital defect of the cerebellum characterized by a large posterior fossa cyst, which communicates with the fourth ventricle, and an atrophic upwardly rotated cerebellar vermis. Congenital hydrocephalus is characterized by enlargement of the cere-bral ventricles. Microcephaly is lack of brain growth with retarded mental and motor develop-ment. Macewen sign is characterized by separation of the cranial sutures with a resonant sound when the skull is tapped.
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