Select the correct statement about the summation of simple twitches
a. They can occur because of the long duration of the action potential in a muscle fiber.
b. They reduce the tension in a muscle.
c. They result from the slow stimulation of a muscle fiber.
d. The effect is unrelated to the refractory periods of action potentials.
e. The twitches resulting from separate action potentials.
E
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Which of the following is true regarding mechanics?
A. branch of physics B. analyzes the actions of forces on particles C. both A and B D. none of the above
The system responsible for coordinating all body functions, as a whole, is the _________ system
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
The bending movements of cilia and flagella
a. are associated with microtubules and kinesin b. involve the alternate assembly and disassembly of actin filaments c. are produced when dynein motors pull adjacent microtubule doublets past each other d. involves dynein action on microfilaments e. involves myosin action on intermediate filaments
Which of the following statements concerning the Na+-K+ pump is incorrect?
a. the phosphorylated conformation of the Na+-K+ pump has high affinity for K+ when exposed to the ICF. b. the Na+-K+ pump has ATPase activity. c. the Na+-K+ pump establishes Na+ and K+ concentration gradients across the plasma membrane; these gradients are critically important in the ability of nerve and muscle cells to generate electrical impulses essential to their functioning. d. the Na+-K+ pump helps regulate cell volume by controlling the concentration of solutes inside the cell to minimize osmotic effects that would induce swelling or shrinking of the cell. e. the ion concentration gradient established by the Na+-K+ pump drives cotransport carriers to move glucose against its concentration gradient across intestinal and kidney cells.