Which of the following is a cause for crime identified in the theory proposed by Martin Wolfgang and Franco Ferracuti?
A) Subcultures of violence exist among lower-class males and legitimize the use of violence.
B) Lower-class boys seek out legitimate means to attain middle-class success goals, usually through one of three specialized gang contexts.
C) Lower-class boys are unable to attain the goals of middle-class culture, and therefore they become involved in nonutilitarian, malicious, and negative behavior.
D) Social structure exerts pressure on individuals who cannot attain the cultural goal of success, leading them to engage in nonconforming behavior.
Answer: A
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The main goals of restitution and community service programs are to hold youthful offenders responsible for their crimes
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Which of the following cases involved Enron and an accounting firm that was convicted of obstructing the Securities and Exchange Commission?
a. U.S. v. Arthur Andersen, LLP (2004) b. Railroad Company v. United States (1909) c. State v. Zeta Chi Fraternity (1997) d. Dunn v. Commonwealth (1997)
Which of the following attempts to break the prisoner down, strip him of his street identity, and then systematically build him up by providing discipline and self-control?
a. SCRAM b. PPI c. SI d. BCI
Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
Kant’s principles are consistent with the 8th Amendment ban on cruel and unusual punishment.