During the growth of a long bone, how is the epiphysis forced farther from the shaft?
What will be an ideal response?
The chondrocytes near the center of the shaft increase greatly in size. The matrix is reduced to a series of small struts that soon begin to calcify. The enlarged chondrocytes then die and disintegrate, leaving cavities within the cartilage. Blood vessels penetrate the cartilage and fibroblasts migrating with the blood vessels differentiate into osteoblasts and begin producing spongy bone at a primary ossification center. Bone formation then spreads along the shaft toward both ends. On the shaft, the chondrocytes become ossified, "chasing" the expanding epiphyseal cartilage away from the shaft.
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